अमर बलिदानी वीर बन्दा वैरागी
२७ अक्तूबर, १६७० को जम्मू कश्मीर के पूंछ में श्री रामदेव के घर एक सामान्य हिन्दू परिवार में लक्ष्मण देव उर्फ़ बन्दा वैरागी का जन्म हुआ था. वे बचपन से मल्ल युद्ध और कुश्ती में दक्ष थे. युवावस्था में शिकार खेलना उनका सबसे प्रिय खेल था. एक दिन शिकार खेलते समय अनजाने उन्होंने एक गर्भवती हिरणी पर तीर चला दिया. इससे उसके पेट से एक शिशु निकला और तड़पकर वहीं मर गया. यह देखकर उनका मन खिन्न हो गया और वे घर छोड़कर तीर्थयात्रा पर निकल गये. उन्होंने अनेक साधुओं से योग साधना सीखी और फिर नान्देड़ में कुटिया बनाकर रहने लगे.
एक दिन सिक्खों के दशवें गुरु गोविन्दसिंह उनकी कुटिया में आये. उनके चारों पुत्र बलिदान हो चुके थे. दो वीरगति को प्राप्त हुए थे और दो को मुगलों ने जीते जी दीवारों में चुनवा दिया था. उन्होंने इस कठिन समय में उनसे वैराग्य छोड़कर देश में व्याप्त इस्लामिक आतंक और अत्याचार से जूझने को कहा. गुरु की त्याग और उनके पुत्रों की बलिदान की कहानी सुनकर उनकी बाजुएँ फड़क उठी. उन्होंने गुरूजी का प्रस्ताव स्वीकार किया और मुसलमानों के अत्याचार से भारत को मुक्त करने हेतु बने सिक्ख पन्थ का योद्धा बन गये. गुरुजी ने उन्हें बन्दा बहादुर नाम दिया और एक हुक्मनामा देकर दोनों छोटे पुत्रों को जिन्दा दीवार में चिनवाने वाले सरहिन्द के नवाब से बदला लेने का आदेश दिया.
बन्दा बहादुर को पंजाब पहुँचने में लगभग चार माह लग गये. बन्दा सिंह महाराष्ट्र से राजस्थान होते हुए नारनौल, हिसार और पानीपत पहुंचे और पत्र भेजकर पंजाब के सभी सिक्खों से सहयोग माँगा. सभी सिक्खों में यह प्रचार हो गया कि गुरु जी ने बन्दा को उनका जत्थेदार बनाकर भेजा है. बंदा के नेतृत्व में वीर राजपूतो ने पंजाब के किसानो विशेषकर जाटों को अस्त्र शस्त्र चलाना सिखाया. देखते ही देखते सेना गठित हो गयी.
बन्दा बहादुर हजारों सिख सैनिकों को साथ लेकर मुगलों के संहार केलिए निकल पड़े. उन्होंने सबसे पहले श्री गुरु तेगबहादुर जी का शीश काटने वाले जल्लाद जलालुद्दीन का सिर काटा. फिर गुरु जी के दोनों छोटे पुत्रों को जिन्दा दीवार में चिनवाने वाले सरहिन्द के नवाब वजीर खान का वध किया. इससे चारों ओर उनके नाम की धूम मच गयी.
उन्होंने मुगल सत्ता और पंजाब हरियाणा के मुस्लिम जमींदारों पर जोरदार हमला शुरू किया. सबसे पहले कैथल के पास मुगल कोषागार लूटकर सेना में बाँट दिया गया. उसके बाद समाना, कुंजुपुरा, सढ़ौरा के मुस्लिम जमींदारों को धूल में मिला दिया.
बंदा बहादुर कि विजय से मुगल सत्ता कांप उठी. मुगलों को लगने लगा एक और शिवाजी पैदा हो गये. अगर उन्हें नहीं रोका गया तो मराठा और सिक्ख मिलकर भारत से मुस्लिम शासन उखाड़ फेकेंगे. इसलिए मुगलों ने फिर वही पुरानी फूट डालने कि नीति अपनाई और अफवाह उड़ाई गई कि बंदा सिंह खुद गुरु बनना चाहता है और वो सिख पंथ कि शिक्षाओं का पालन नहीं कर रहे हैं. इसके लिए उन्होंने गुरु गोविन्द सिंह जी कि दूसरी पत्नी माता सुंदरी, जो कि मुगलो के नजरबन्दी में दिल्ली में ही रह रही थी, को भी मुहरा बनाया. माता सुंदरी ने बन्दा सिंह से रक्तपात बन्द करने को कहा जिसे बन्दा सिंह ने ठुकरा दिया.
परिणाम यह हुआ कि ज्यादातर सिख सेना ने उनका साथ छोड़ दिया, हालाँकि, पंजाबी हिन्दू उनके साथ डटे रहे जिससे उनको हिम्मत मिला. तब उन्होंने जाट, गुर्जर क्षत्रियों के अतिरिक्त अन्य हिन्दू जातियों और ब्राह्मणों को भी सैन्य प्रशिक्षण दिया और अपनी सेना मजबूत करने की कोशिश की.
१७१५ ई. के प्रारम्भ में फर्रुखसियर की विशाल शाही फौज ने अब्दुल समद खाँ के नेतृत्व में धारीवाल क्षेत्र के निकट गुरुदास नंगल गाँव में कई मास तक घेरा डाला पर सफल नहीं हुए. तब मुगलों की मुहरा बनी माता सुंदरी के प्रभाव में बाबा विनोद सिंह ने बन्दा बहादुर का विरोध किया और अपने सैंकड़ो समर्थको के साथ किला छोड़कर चले गए. मुगलों से समझोते और षड्यंत्र के कारण विनोद सिंह और उसके ५०० समर्थको को निकल जाने का सुरक्षित रास्ता दिया गया.
इधर खाद्य सामग्री के अभाव के कारण स्थिति खराब होती जा रही थी. अंततः उन्होंने भूख से मरते औरतों बच्चों की हालत देखकर ७ दिसम्बर को इस शर्त पर आत्मसमर्पण कर दिया की मुगल असैनिक पुरुषों और निर्दोष औरतों, बच्चों की हत्या नहीं करेंगे पर ऐसा नहीं हुआ. मुगलों ने गुरदास नंगल के किले में रहने वाले ४० हजार से अधिक बेगुनाह मर्द, औरतों और बच्चों की निर्मम हत्या कर दी.
पंजाब के गर्वनर अब्दुल समन्द खां ने २१ हजार सशस्त्र सैनिकों कि निगरानी में बाबा बन्दा बहादुर को दिल्ली भेजा. बन्दा को एक पिंजरे में बंद किया गया था और उनके गले और हाथ-पांव कि जंजीरों को इस पिंजरे के चारो ओर नंगी तलवारें लिए मुगल सेनापतियों ने थाम रखा था. इस जुलुस में १०० बैलगाड़ियों पर हजारों सिखों के कटे हुए सिर रखे हुए थे और अन्य हजारों सिक्खों का सिर मुस्लिम सेना ने अपने भाले की नोक पर उठा रखा था. बन्दा बहादुर के ७८० सैनिक कैदियों के रुप में इस जुलूस में शामिल थे.
मुगल इतिहासकार मिर्जा मोहम्मद हर्सी ने अपनी पुस्तक इबारतनामा में लिखा है कि हर शुक्रवार को नमाज के बाद १०० कैदियों को जत्थों के रुप में दिल्ली कि कोतवाली के बाहर कत्लगाह के मैदान में, आज जहां हॉर्डिंग लाइब्रेरी है, वहां लाया जाता. काजी उन्हें इस्लाम या मौत में से एक चुनने केलिए कहते और फिर उन्हें तलवारों से निर्ममतापूर्वक कत्ल कर देते. यह सिलसिला डेढ़ महीने तक चलता रहा. अपने सहयोगियों कि हत्याओं को देखने के लिए बन्दा को एक पिंजरे में बंद करके कत्लगाह तक लाया जाता ताकि वह अपनी आंखों से इस दर्दनाक दृश्य को देख सके.
एक दरबारी मुहम्मद अमीन ने पूछा, “तुमने ऐसे बुरे काम क्यों किये, जिससे तुम्हारी यह दुर्दशा हो रही है?”
बन्दा ने सीना फुलाकर सगर्व उत्तर दिया, “मैं तो प्रजा के पीड़ितों को दण्ड देने के लिए परमपिता परमेश्वर के हाथ का शस्त्र था. क्या तुमने सुना नहीं कि जब संसार में दुष्टों की संख्या बढ़ जाती है, तो वह मेरे जैसे किसी सेवक को धरती पर भेजता है?”
जब बन्दा से पूछा गया कि वे कैसी मौत मरना चाहते हैं तब बन्दा ने उत्तर दिया मैं अब मौत से नहीं डरता क्योंकि यह शरीर ही दुःख का मूल है. यह सुनकर सब ओर सन्नाटा छा गया.
मुगलों ने उनसे इस्लाम कबूल करवाने केलिए अनेक हथकंडे अपनाये. जब सभी प्रयास विफल रहे तो बन्दा कि आंखों के सामने उनके एक-एक सेनापति कि हत्या कर दी गयी. बन्दा बहादुर का मनोबल तोड़ने के लिए उनके चार वर्षीय अबोध पुत्र अजय सिंह को उनकी गोद में डालकर काजी ने उन्हें चाकू से उसकी हत्या करने का आदेश दिया. जब बन्दा इसके लिए तैयार नहीं हुए तो मुगलों ने उनके सामने उस मासूम को चीरफाड़ दिया और उस मासूम के धड़कते हुए दिल को निकालकर बन्दा के मुंह में जबरन ठूंस दिया.
अगले दिन जल्लाद ने उनकी दोनों आंखों को तलवार से बाहर निकाल दिया. जब बन्दा टस से मस नहीं हुए तो रोज गर्म चिमटे से उनकी चमडियाँ उधेड़ने लगे. फिर उनके हाथ पैर काट दिए गये. अंत में मस्तक काट कर उनकी हत्या कर दी गई. बन्दा बहादुर न तो गिड़गिड़ाये और न उन्होंने चीख पुकार मचाई. मुगलों कि हर प्रताड़ना और जुल्म का सामना करते हुए वे राष्ट्र और धर्म कि रक्षा के लिए बलिदान हो गये.
ऐसे महावीर, राष्ट्र, धर्म की रक्षा केलिए अपना सबकुछ बलिदान देनेवाले इस महान योद्धा को शत शत नमन!
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